1)She had to pay a fine and she lost her driving licence.
2)Not only did she have to pay a fine, but she also lost her driving licence.
• Subject and auxiliary verb is inverted (=reversed)
• If there is no auxiliary verb nor verb “to be”, use do, does, did etc.
• Used after certain negative adverbials e.g. not, not until, not once, not for one minute, only then, only later, nowhere, no way, rarely, hardly ever, hardly…when, no sooner…..than…
Examples:
I never thought about home while I was on holiday.
=
Not once did I think about home while I was on holiday.
They hardly ever complain about the amount of homework.
=
Hardly ever do they complain about the amount of homework.
As soon as I had left the house, I realised I’d forgotten my keys.
=
No sooner had I left the house, than I realised I’d forgotten my keys.
Monday, 8 March 2010
Phrasal Verbs List
account for
add on
add up
allow for
answer back
apply for
ask after
ask for
ask out
back away
back down
back off
back out
back up
be against
be away
be back
be for
be in
be in for
be off
be out
be over
be up
be up to
bear out
bear up
blow down
blow out
blow over
blow up
boil away
boil over
break away
break down
break in
break into
break off
break through
break up
break out of
break out
bring about
bring back
bring down
bring in
bring off
bring on
bring round
build in
build up
bump into
burn down
burst in
burst into
burst out
call at
call away
call back
call for
call in
call off
call on
call out
call up
calm down
care about
care for
carry off
carry on
carry on with
carry out
catch on
catch up
catch up with
check in
check out
check over
check through
cheer up
clean out
clean up
clear away
clear off
clear out
clear up
close down
close in
close up
cloud over
come about
come across
come apart
come back
come down
come down with
come in
come in for
come into
come off
come out
come out in
come round
come round to
come to
come up
come up against
come up to
come up with
count down
count in
count out
count for
count on
count up
crack down
crop up
cross out
crowd around
crowd in
cry out
cut back
cut down
cut down on
cut in
cut off
cut out
cut out for
= be cut out for
cut up
deal with
die away
die down
die out
do away with
do in
do up
do with
do without
doze off
draw back
draw up
dress up
dress down
drop in
drop in on
drop off
drop out
eat out
eat in
eat away
eat up
end up
face up to
fade away
fall back
fall back on
fall behind
fall down
fall for
fall in
fall in with
fall on
fall out
fall out with
fall through
feed = be fed up
with
feel down
feel for
feel up to
fight off
fight for
fill in
fill up
find out
fit in
fix up
follow up
fool around
get about
get across
get along with
get around
get at
get away
get away with
get back
get by
get down
get down to
get in
get off
get off with
get on
get on for
get on with
get out
get out of
get over
get rid of
get round
get round to
get through
get up
get up to
give away
give back
give in
give off
give out
give up
go about
go after
go ahead
go ahead with
go along with
go away
go back
go back on
go by
go down
go for
go in for
go into
go off
go on
go on with
go out
go over
go round
go through
go through with
go up
go with
go without
grow on
grow out of
chill out
grow up
hand down
hand in
hand out
hand over
hang about
hang around
hang back
hang on
hang out
hang on to
hang up
have it in for
have on
have someone on
hit it off (with)
hit (up)on
hold back
hold off
hold on
hold on to
hold out
hold up
hold with
join in
join up
keep back
keep off
keep on
keep out
keep up
keep up with
knock off
knock out
knock up
laugh off
lay down
lay in
lay off
lay out
lay up = be laid up
lead up to
leave off
leave out
let down
let in
let in on
let off
let on
let out
live down
live off
live on
live up to
liven up
lock out
lock up
look after
look ahead
look around
look at
look back
look back on
look down on
look for
look forward to
look in
look into
look like
look on
look out
look over
look round
look someone up
look through
look up
look up and down
look up to
make for
make off with
make out
make up (3)
make up for
measure out
measure up to
miss out
miss out on
mistake for
mix up
mix up in/with
move in
move on
move out
note down
order about
own up
pack in
part with
pass away
pass on
pass out
pay back
pay for
pay in
pay off
pay out
pay up
pick off
pick on
pick out
pick up
play down
play up
plug in
point out
pop in
pour down
pull away
pull down
pull in
pull off
pull out
pull over
pull through
pull up
push on
put about
put across
put aside
put away
put back
put by
put down
put down to
put forward
put in
put in for
put off
put on
put oneself out
put out
put someone up
put through
put up
put up with
ring back
ring off
ring up
rip off
round off
round up
round down
rub out
rule out
run across
run after
run away
run away with
run down
run down
= be/feel run down
run into
run out
run out of
run over
run through
run to
run up
run up against
rush into
scare away
scare off
see about
see off
see someone off
see through
see to
sell off
sell out
send away
send away for
send for
send in
send off
send off for
send on
send up
set (up)on
set about
set back
set down
set in
set off
set out
set up
settle down
settle in
settle up
settle up with
shake off
share out
shop around
shout down
show around
show in
show off
show up
shut away
shut down
shut up
side with
sink in
sit down
sleep through
slip out
slip up
slow down
sort out
speak up
split up
split up with
stand by
stand for (2)
stand in
stand in for
stand out
stand up
stand up for
stand up to
stay in
stay up
step down
step up
stick out
stick up for
stir up
stop over
sum up
switch off
switch on
tail back
take aback
= be taken aback
take (it) out on
take after
take apart
take away
take back
take back
take down
take for
take in
take off
take on
take out
take over
take to someone
take up
talk back
talk into
talk over
talk out of
tear down
tear up
tell apart
tell off
think about
think of
think out
think over
think through
throw away
throw off
throw up
throw out
tie down
tie in with
tie up
tone down
touch on
toy with
track down
try on
try out
tune in
turn against
turn away
turn back
turn down
turn in
turn into
turn off
turn on
turn out
turn over
turn to
turn up
wait on
walk out
walk out on
wash out
wash up
watch out for
watch over
wear away
wear off
wear out
wind down
wind up
wind forwards
wind backwards
wipe out
work in
work off
work out
work up
write away for
write off
write off for
add on
add up
allow for
answer back
apply for
ask after
ask for
ask out
back away
back down
back off
back out
back up
be against
be away
be back
be for
be in
be in for
be off
be out
be over
be up
be up to
bear out
bear up
blow down
blow out
blow over
blow up
boil away
boil over
break away
break down
break in
break into
break off
break through
break up
break out of
break out
bring about
bring back
bring down
bring in
bring off
bring on
bring round
build in
build up
bump into
burn down
burst in
burst into
burst out
call at
call away
call back
call for
call in
call off
call on
call out
call up
calm down
care about
care for
carry off
carry on
carry on with
carry out
catch on
catch up
catch up with
check in
check out
check over
check through
cheer up
clean out
clean up
clear away
clear off
clear out
clear up
close down
close in
close up
cloud over
come about
come across
come apart
come back
come down
come down with
come in
come in for
come into
come off
come out
come out in
come round
come round to
come to
come up
come up against
come up to
come up with
count down
count in
count out
count for
count on
count up
crack down
crop up
cross out
crowd around
crowd in
cry out
cut back
cut down
cut down on
cut in
cut off
cut out
cut out for
= be cut out for
cut up
deal with
die away
die down
die out
do away with
do in
do up
do with
do without
doze off
draw back
draw up
dress up
dress down
drop in
drop in on
drop off
drop out
eat out
eat in
eat away
eat up
end up
face up to
fade away
fall back
fall back on
fall behind
fall down
fall for
fall in
fall in with
fall on
fall out
fall out with
fall through
feed = be fed up
with
feel down
feel for
feel up to
fight off
fight for
fill in
fill up
find out
fit in
fix up
follow up
fool around
get about
get across
get along with
get around
get at
get away
get away with
get back
get by
get down
get down to
get in
get off
get off with
get on
get on for
get on with
get out
get out of
get over
get rid of
get round
get round to
get through
get up
get up to
give away
give back
give in
give off
give out
give up
go about
go after
go ahead
go ahead with
go along with
go away
go back
go back on
go by
go down
go for
go in for
go into
go off
go on
go on with
go out
go over
go round
go through
go through with
go up
go with
go without
grow on
grow out of
chill out
grow up
hand down
hand in
hand out
hand over
hang about
hang around
hang back
hang on
hang out
hang on to
hang up
have it in for
have on
have someone on
hit it off (with)
hit (up)on
hold back
hold off
hold on
hold on to
hold out
hold up
hold with
join in
join up
keep back
keep off
keep on
keep out
keep up
keep up with
knock off
knock out
knock up
laugh off
lay down
lay in
lay off
lay out
lay up = be laid up
lead up to
leave off
leave out
let down
let in
let in on
let off
let on
let out
live down
live off
live on
live up to
liven up
lock out
lock up
look after
look ahead
look around
look at
look back
look back on
look down on
look for
look forward to
look in
look into
look like
look on
look out
look over
look round
look someone up
look through
look up
look up and down
look up to
make for
make off with
make out
make up (3)
make up for
measure out
measure up to
miss out
miss out on
mistake for
mix up
mix up in/with
move in
move on
move out
note down
order about
own up
pack in
part with
pass away
pass on
pass out
pay back
pay for
pay in
pay off
pay out
pay up
pick off
pick on
pick out
pick up
play down
play up
plug in
point out
pop in
pour down
pull away
pull down
pull in
pull off
pull out
pull over
pull through
pull up
push on
put about
put across
put aside
put away
put back
put by
put down
put down to
put forward
put in
put in for
put off
put on
put oneself out
put out
put someone up
put through
put up
put up with
ring back
ring off
ring up
rip off
round off
round up
round down
rub out
rule out
run across
run after
run away
run away with
run down
run down
= be/feel run down
run into
run out
run out of
run over
run through
run to
run up
run up against
rush into
scare away
scare off
see about
see off
see someone off
see through
see to
sell off
sell out
send away
send away for
send for
send in
send off
send off for
send on
send up
set (up)on
set about
set back
set down
set in
set off
set out
set up
settle down
settle in
settle up
settle up with
shake off
share out
shop around
shout down
show around
show in
show off
show up
shut away
shut down
shut up
side with
sink in
sit down
sleep through
slip out
slip up
slow down
sort out
speak up
split up
split up with
stand by
stand for (2)
stand in
stand in for
stand out
stand up
stand up for
stand up to
stay in
stay up
step down
step up
stick out
stick up for
stir up
stop over
sum up
switch off
switch on
tail back
take aback
= be taken aback
take (it) out on
take after
take apart
take away
take back
take back
take down
take for
take in
take off
take on
take out
take over
take to someone
take up
talk back
talk into
talk over
talk out of
tear down
tear up
tell apart
tell off
think about
think of
think out
think over
think through
throw away
throw off
throw up
throw out
tie down
tie in with
tie up
tone down
touch on
toy with
track down
try on
try out
tune in
turn against
turn away
turn back
turn down
turn in
turn into
turn off
turn on
turn out
turn over
turn to
turn up
wait on
walk out
walk out on
wash out
wash up
watch out for
watch over
wear away
wear off
wear out
wind down
wind up
wind forwards
wind backwards
wipe out
work in
work off
work out
work up
write away for
write off
write off for
Thursday, 4 March 2010
Translation: Believing The News
“Non credere a tutto quello che leggi sui giornali!” È un consiglio che sentiamo spesso. Ma dovremmo davvero considerare inattendibili le notizie che ci arrivano dalla stampa, dalla TV o da Internet? Il crollo delle Torri Gemelle è stato causato dagli aerei che vi si sono schiantati contro, o era già tutto organizzato prima? La famiglia reale inglese ha pianificato la morte della principessa Diana per evitare scomodi eredi musulmani? Elvis Presley è morto nel 1977 o è ancora in vita? Marilyn Monroe si è davvero suicidata? Sapremo mai la verità sulla scomparsa di Michael Jackson?
Ora si parla molto del riscaldamento del pianeta, ma chissà se anche questa teoria è giusta. Se vediamo in TV un orso polare intrappolato su un pezzo di ghiaccio galleggiante o il distacco di un gigantesco muro di ghiaccio è logico pensare che le calotte polare si stanno sciogliendo. Ma può darsi anche che ne siamo convinti perché ci è stato detto ripetutamente. Il 2009 sarà ricordato come l’anno della grande recessione mondiale, ma questa crisi non è forse stata causata, almeno in parte, dalle tante previsioni negative con le quali i media ci hanno bombardato?
"Do not believe everything you read in the papers!" It is advice that we hear often/we are often advised. But should we really consider unreliable the news coming to us from the press, TV or Internet? Was the collapse of the Twin Towers caused by planes that crashed into them, or was it all organized beforehand? Did the British royal family plan the death of Princess Diana to avoid awkward Muslim heirs? Did Elvis Presley die in 1977 or is he still alive? Did Marilyn Monroe really commit suicide? Will we ever know the truth about the death of Michael Jackson?
Now there is much talk of global warming, but who knows if this theory is correct. If we see on TV a polar bear trapped on a piece of floating ice or detachment of a gigantic wall of ice it is logical to think that the polar ice caps are melting. But it may also be because we believe what we have been told repeatedly. 2009 will be remembered as the year of the great global recession, but might this crisis have been caused, at least in part, by the many predictions of doom with which the media bombarded us/which the media bombarded us with?
Ora si parla molto del riscaldamento del pianeta, ma chissà se anche questa teoria è giusta. Se vediamo in TV un orso polare intrappolato su un pezzo di ghiaccio galleggiante o il distacco di un gigantesco muro di ghiaccio è logico pensare che le calotte polare si stanno sciogliendo. Ma può darsi anche che ne siamo convinti perché ci è stato detto ripetutamente. Il 2009 sarà ricordato come l’anno della grande recessione mondiale, ma questa crisi non è forse stata causata, almeno in parte, dalle tante previsioni negative con le quali i media ci hanno bombardato?
"Do not believe everything you read in the papers!" It is advice that we hear often/we are often advised. But should we really consider unreliable the news coming to us from the press, TV or Internet? Was the collapse of the Twin Towers caused by planes that crashed into them, or was it all organized beforehand? Did the British royal family plan the death of Princess Diana to avoid awkward Muslim heirs? Did Elvis Presley die in 1977 or is he still alive? Did Marilyn Monroe really commit suicide? Will we ever know the truth about the death of Michael Jackson?
Now there is much talk of global warming, but who knows if this theory is correct. If we see on TV a polar bear trapped on a piece of floating ice or detachment of a gigantic wall of ice it is logical to think that the polar ice caps are melting. But it may also be because we believe what we have been told repeatedly. 2009 will be remembered as the year of the great global recession, but might this crisis have been caused, at least in part, by the many predictions of doom with which the media bombarded us/which the media bombarded us with?
Translation: The Italian Diet
L’Italia è uno dei primi produttori mondiali di frutta e verdura – per quantità, qualità e varietà. E siccome la crescita di tumore, allergie e malattie correlate ci sta costringendo a prendere le distanze dai pesticidi, siamo anche i più bravi nelle colture bio. Eppure è come se questo primato non ci toccasse: i carrelli della spesa debordano di cibi pronti, snack, insaccati, e poco, pochissimo ‘fresco’. Certo, l’aumento dei prezzi non ha giovato ai consumi, ma frutta e verdure di stagione – soprattutto se si evitano i fruttivendoli costosi – sono alla portata di tutte le tasche. Eppure i consumi sono in diminuzione. La contrazione dei tempi dedicati alla preparazione dei pasti e l’esaurirsi della cultura alimentare tramandata in famiglia ci sta ‘disitalianizzando’. Forse la tendenze preoccupante riguarda i bambini, che mettono in cima alla classifica degli ortaggi le patate surgelate fritte e in fondo gli spinaci. In quanto alla frutta, si consuma soprattutto quella già pronta nello yogurt.
Italy is one of the world's largest/main producers of fruit and vegetables - for quantity, quality and variety. And since the growth of cancer, allergies and related diseases is forcing us to distance ourselves from pesticides, we are also the best in bio crops. Yet it is as if this record does not affect us: shopping carts/trollies overflowing with pre-prepared/convenience food, snacks, cold cuts, and little, very little 'fresh' food. Of course, higher prices did not benefit/have not benefited consumers, but fruit and vegetables in season - especially if you avoid the costly fruit and vegetable sellers/shops - are affordable for every budget. Yet consumption is declining. The reduction of time devoted to the preparation of meals and the depletion of food culture handed down in the family is 'de-italianising'. Perhaps the main cause for concern is the children who put frozen chips at the top and spinach at the bottom of their list of favourite vegetables. As for fruit, that contained in pre-prepared yogurt is consumed the most.
Italy is one of the world's largest/main producers of fruit and vegetables - for quantity, quality and variety. And since the growth of cancer, allergies and related diseases is forcing us to distance ourselves from pesticides, we are also the best in bio crops. Yet it is as if this record does not affect us: shopping carts/trollies overflowing with pre-prepared/convenience food, snacks, cold cuts, and little, very little 'fresh' food. Of course, higher prices did not benefit/have not benefited consumers, but fruit and vegetables in season - especially if you avoid the costly fruit and vegetable sellers/shops - are affordable for every budget. Yet consumption is declining. The reduction of time devoted to the preparation of meals and the depletion of food culture handed down in the family is 'de-italianising'. Perhaps the main cause for concern is the children who put frozen chips at the top and spinach at the bottom of their list of favourite vegetables. As for fruit, that contained in pre-prepared yogurt is consumed the most.
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